Unbooked COVID19 Preeclampsia: A Review of Anaesthetic Considerations and Inference

The recent SARS CoVID19 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome caused by Corona Virus of 2019) pandemic is rapidly raising, with numerous new cases and number of deaths daily. Due to the excess number of cases, the diagnosis of COVID19 disease keeps delaying, say for instance at least it takes a day for the whole process of sample collection from the patient to the report being received in the hand [1]. RTPCR (Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction) has been largely employed in mass diagnosis of COVID-19. But still the need for rapid diagnosis and results delivery is highly on the rise. Say for instance, surgeries like caesarean section, emergency laparotomy for perforation or obstruction demands emergency surgeries and exploration for saving lives as well as in decreasing the mortality. In the current scenario, most of the individuals are home isolated for their own safety purposes. Because of this many remain as an asymptomatic carrier or have mild to moderate symptoms. When the home bound individuals face emergencies like obstructed labour or severe preeclampsia or eclampsia, they would be needing emergency surgeries despite the unknown COVID-19 status [2]. The ongoing lockdown and home quarantine also impede the regular antenatal care in some population. In such cases, taking proper precaution for oneself and providing care to the patient would be the main concern for any health care worker fighting to combat COVID. This is particularly of much importance when comes to anaesthetic management for any emergency surgeries. We have been providing anaesthetic care and emergency support continuously for the past 4-5 months in our hospital, un accounting the presence or absence of proper COVID-19 test report. To accept this is the current scenario in any emergency set up all over India. Anaesthetists are more prone for aerosol generated infection even in normal cases, while handling intubation as well as extubation. Unbooked cases constitute a larger population in lower economic groups. And when considered in any Government set up this will be the main population that requires emergency management [3]. Whatever the literacy rates remain, whatever the level of awareness that has been planted, still majority of this population doesn’t find the importance of proper antenatal care and clinic visits. Pre-eclampsia is a threat in any pregnancy occurring in 6%-8% pregnant females with 85% of cases occurring in first pregnancy. Pre-eclampsia is known to be noticed in 64% of un booked cases, of which 77% population needs emergency caesarean section [4].
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